Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962), more commonly known as Tom Cruise, is an American actor and film producer. He is tied with Tom Hanks as the only actors to have seven consecutive US$100 million plus blockbusters on his résumé, and Forbes magazine ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity in 2006.[1] He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and won three Golden Globe Awards.
His first leading role was 1983's Risky Business.[2] After that, he starred in many top films and became a Hollywood celebrity. Cruise is also known for his criticism of psychiatry, and for his support of Scientology,[3] which has attracted controversy and media interest.
Family and early life
Cruise was born in Syracuse, New York,[4] the son of Mary Lee (née Pfeiffer), a special education teacher, and Thomas Cruise Mapother III, an electrical engineer.[5] Cruise has German and Colonial English ancestry from his paternal great-grandparents, William Reibert and Charlotte Louise Voelker; and purportedly Welsh ancestry from his paternal great-great-grandfather, Dylan Henry Mapother, who emigrated from Flint, Wales to Louisville, Kentucky in 1850.[6][7] His great-great-grandmother Mary Cruise married twice. Her first husband was Dillon Henry Mapother, by whom she had six children. She remarried after Dillon's death, to Thomas O'Mara. Their son Thomas O'Mara, enumerated as such in the 1880 Census, was later known as "Thomas Cruise Mapother". The reason(s) for him changing his name are not entirely clear. Thus, from his and his wife Anna Stewart Bateman, he has Irish and Colonial English ancestry, respectively. His maternal ancestry is half Irish and half German (including Alsatian).[8] Anna Stewart Bateman's great-grandfather was a third cousin of President George Washington and descended seven times from King Jean de Brienne of Jerusalem, once from King Louis VIII of France, once from King Henry III of England, twice from King Edward I of England and three times from King Edward III of England.[9][10]
When Cruise was twelve, his mother left his father, taking Cruise and his sister Lee Anne with her.[11] Cities in which Tom lived included Ottawa, Ontario (where he attended Colonel By Secondary School), Louisville, Kentucky, Winnetka, Illinois and Wayne, New Jersey. In all, Cruise attended eight elementary schools and three high schools. He briefly attended a Franciscan seminary in Cincinnati and aspired to become a Catholic priest. He eventually graduated from Glen Ridge High School in New Jersey in 1980.
Cruise has said that he suffered from abuse as a child. He stated that when something went wrong, his father came down hard on him. He told Parade Magazine that his father was "a bully" and "a merchant of chaos." Cruise said he learned early on that his father was - and, by extension, some people were - not to be trusted: "I knew from being around my father that not everyone means me well."[12] Having gone through fifteen schools in twelve years, Cruise, who dropped his father's name at age twelve, was also subject to bullying at school.
Cruise started acting after being sidelined from his high school's wrestling team due to a knee injury. While injured, he successfully auditioned for a lead role in his high school's production of Guys and Dolls and decided to become an actor after his success in the role. His cousin William Mapother is also an actor most known for playing Ethan Rom on Lost.
Nome: Elaine 03 Giseli 11 Keith 22 3º D
domingo, 18 de novembro de 2007
quinta-feira, 8 de novembro de 2007
Chuck Norris
Carlos Ray "Chuck" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American martial artist, action star, and Hollywood actor who is known for playing Cordell "Cord" Walker on Walker, Texas Ranger and his iconically tough image.Biography
Early life
Norris was born in Ryan, Oklahoma, the son of Wilma (Scarberry), who was eighteen when Norris was born, and Ray Norris, a truck and bus driver and mechanic. Norris's paternal grandfather (an immigrant) and maternal grandmother were Irish, while his paternal grandmother and maternal grandfather were Cherokee Native Americans. Norris was named after Carlos Berry, his father's minister.[2] He has two younger brothers, Weiland (deceased) and Aaron (a Hollywood producer). When Norris was sixteen, his parents divorced, he later relocated to Prairie Village, kansas and then Torrance, California with his mother and brothers.[6] Norris describes his childhood as downbeat. He was nonathletic, shy, and scholastically mediocre. Other children taunted him about his mixed ethnicity, and Norris daydreamed about beating up his tormentors. Norris mentioned in his autobiography that his father had a very serious problem with drinking and "wasn't there" a lot for him growing up. Norris admitted that he loved his father but did not like him. However, he professed that he only felt pity for the man because "that was just how he was, and he missed so much."
Norris finished high school and soon married his girlfriend, Diane Holechek. He then joined the United States Air Force as an Air Policeman in 1958 and was sent to Osan Air Base, South Korea. It was in South Korea that Norris acquired the nickname Chuck and began his training in Tang Soo Do (tangsudo), an interest that would lead to black belts in that art and the founding of the Chun Kuk Do ("Universal Way") form. He also created the education associations United Fighting Arts Federation and "KickStart" (formerly "Kick Drugs Out of America"), a middle school and high school–based program intended to give at-risk children a focus point in life through the martial arts. When he returned to the United States of America, he continued to act as an AP at March Air Force Base California. Norris was discharged in August of 1962. He worked for the Northrop Corporation and opened a chain of karate schools, which Chad McQueen, Steve McQueen's son, attended.[6]
Rise to fame
Norris' career in tournament karate began on a losing note. He was defeated in his first two tournaments, dropping decisions to Joe Lewis and Allan Steen and three matches at the International Karate Championships to Tony Tulleners. However, by 1967, Norris began to demonstrate his skill and scored victories over the likes of Joe Lewis, Skipper Mullins, Arnold Urquidez, Victor Moore, Ron Marchini, and Steve Sanders. In early 1968, Norris suffered the fifth and last loss of his career, losing an upset decision to Louis Delgado. However, on November 24, 1968, he avenged his defeat to Delgado and in the process won the Professional Middleweight Karate champion (non-contact) title, which he held for six consecutive years.In 1969, he won Karate's triple crown for the most tournament wins of the year, and the fighter of the year award by Black Belt Magazine. It was also in 1969 that Norris made his acting debut in the Dean Martin movie The Wrecking Crew.
In 1970, his younger brother Weiland was killed in Vietnam. Norris later dedicated his Missing in Action films to his brother's memory. At a martial arts demonstration in Long Beach, Norris met the soon-to-be famous martial artist Bruce Lee whom he respects and considers as superior. In 1972, he acted as Bruce Lee's nemesis in the movie Way of the Dragon (titled Return of the Dragon in its US distribution), which is widely credited with launching his way into stardom. In Asia, he is still known primarily for this role. In 1974, McQueen encouraged him to begin acting classes at MGM. Chuck Norris retired with a karate record of 65–5, having avenged all of his defeats.
Norris' first starring role was 1977's Breaker! Breaker!, and subsequent films such as The Octagon (1980), An Eye for an Eye (1981), and Lone Wolf McQuade proved his increasing box office bankability. In 1984, Norris starred in Missing in Action, the first of a series of POW rescue fantasies produced by Israeli cousins Menahem Golan and Yoram Globus and released under their Cannon Films banner. Also in that year, he was offered the part of the sensei of the Kobra Kai dojo in the movie The Karate Kid, but declined the part. He reportedly did not want to take part in depicting martial artists in an unfavorable light. However, Norris disputes this story.[ On a February 9, 2006 episode of Adam Carolla's radio show, Norris said that he was never offered the role. Norris noted that he was already playing leading roles by the time The Karate Kid was in production.
Over the next four years, Norris became Cannon's most prominent star, appearing in eight films, including Code of Silence, The Delta Force, and Firewalker, in which he co-starred with Academy Award winner Louis Gossett, Jr.. Many of the aforementioned films were produced by Chuck Norris' brother Aaron, as were several episodes of Walker, Texas Ranger. In 1986, he was involved in the production of the Ruby Spears cartoon Karate Kommandos.
Norris made history in 1997 when he was the first Westerner in the documented history of Tae Kwon Do to be given the rank of 8th Degree Black Belt Grand Master. On July 1, 2000 he was presented the Golden Lifetime Achievement Award by the World Karate Union Hall of Fame.
Walker, Texas Ranger
By the close of the 1980s, Cannon Films had faded from prominence, and Norris' star appeal seemed to go with it. He reprised his Delta Force role for MGM, which had acquired the Cannon library after the latter's Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Norris went on to make several more largely ignored films before making a transition to television. In 1993, he began shooting the series Walker, Texas Ranger, which lasted eight years on CBS and continued in heavy syndication on other channels.
On October 17, 2005, CBS premiered the Sunday night "Movie of the Week" Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire. The production was a continuation of the series, and not scripted to be a reunion movie. Norris reprised his role as Cordell "Cord" Walker for the movie. He has stated that future Walker, Texas Ranger "Movie of the Week" projects are expected, however, this was severely impaired by CBS' 2006–2007 season decision to no longer regularly schedule MOWs on Sunday night.
Personal life
Norris pinning corporal chevrons on United States Marine Corps Corporal John Wright during a promotion ceremony at Camp Taqaddum in the Al Anbar province of Iraq on November 2, 2006.
In 1963, his first child with Holechek, a son named Mike, was born. A daughter, Dina, was born in 1964, and a second son, Eric, followed in 1965. After 30 years of marriage, Norris and Holechek divorced in 1988. He married again in 1998, this time to former model Gena O'Kelley, and she delivered twins in 2001: Dakota Alan Norris, a boy, and Danilee Kelly Norris, a girl. Norris has always been a very loving family man; it was noted in People that his adult sons still hug and kiss him goodbye. "It's great my boys aren't afraid to show love," Norris said, "nothing can buy that". Norris's son, Mike, said of his father: "Dad never had a lot of love growing up, but he has given me and my brother all that he should have had in multiples". Both of Norris's sons are married and he has 6 grandchildren including American actress Gabby Di Ciolli.
Currently, Norris lives in north Dallas and owns a ranch between Navasota, Texas and Anderson, Texas. He also has a small residence in Los Angeles for when he does films or television shows. He works for KickStart, which is located in Dallas and Houston.
Now an outspoken Christian, Norris is the author of several Christian books, such as The Justice Riders. He has also been in a few TV commercials promoting Bible study and prayer in public schools, in addition to efforts to reduce drug use. In 2006, he began penning a column for the conservative news website WorldNetDaily. In his columns, he has expressed belief in Biblical creationism, those who are troubled should turn to Jesus, and is quoted as saying "true patriots" do not stay clear of discussing religion and politics.Norris serves on the board of directors of the NCBCPS, an organization promoting the use of the Bible in public schools, and also speaks on behalf of organizations advocating prayer in public schools.
Political views
Norris anchoring on Fox News Channel Hannity & Colmes.
Norris is a political conservative, often championing values shared by the Republican Party. Norris has donated over $32,000 to Republican candidates and organizations since 1988. On January 26, 2007 Norris filled in for Sean Hannity as a co-host on the popular Fox News Channel debate program Hannity & Colmes alongside Alan Colmes. On October 22, 2007, Norris announced his endorsement of Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee for President.[ Norris said "I believe the only one who has all of the characteristics to lead America forward into the future is ex-Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee."Chun Kuk Do
Main article: Chun Kuk Do
Chuck Norris in 1976.
Norris created the martial art Chun Kuk Do, which is based primarily on Tang Soo Do and includes elements from every combat style he knows. Like many other martial arts Chun Kuk Do includes a code of honor and rules to live by. These rules are from Chuck Norris' personal code. They are:
I will develop myself to the maximum of my potential in all ways.
I will forget the mistakes of the past and press on to greater achievements.
I will continually work at developing love, happiness and loyalty in my family.
I will look for the good in all people and make them feel worthwhile.
If I have nothing good to say about a person, I will say nothing.
I will always be as enthusiastic about the success of others as I am about my own.
I will maintain an attitude of open-mindedness.
I will maintain respect for those in authority and demonstrate this respect at all times.
I will always remain loyal to God, my country, family and my friends.
I will remain highly goal-oriented throughout my life because that positive attitude helps my family, my country, and myself.
Norris in popular culture
On September 22, 2004 Norris told Entertainment Tonight's Mary Hart that his daughter Dina, born in 1964 was the result of an extra-marital affair. He did not meet her until she was 26 although she learned that he was her father at the age of 16. She sent him a letter to his home informing him that she was his daughter, after meeting her he acknowledged that he knew she was his upon seeing her.In 2004, Late Night with Conan O'Brien began a recurring sketch in which O'Brien would pull a Walker Texas Ranger Lever next to his desk, which would cause a brief, out-of-context clip from Walker: Texas Ranger to play. This became one of the more popular segments on O'Brien's show and led to a guest appearance by Norris himself, who pulled his own "Conan O'Brien Lever" to play a clip of Norris beating up O'Brien. This segment has been credited as jump-starting the Norris craze and leading to enough interest to produce a Walker, Texas Ranger TV movie.
In late 2005, Norris became the object of an internet phenomenon known as Chuck Norris Facts, which document fictional, often absurdly heroic feats and characteristics about Norris himself. The phenomenon originally started in the "Vin Diesel Fact Generator", and Chuck Norris Facts were created as a byproduct, often using the same facts featured in the Vin Diesel Fact Generator. In time, Chuck Norris Facts became wildly popular, even more so than the original Vin Diesel Fact Generator. Norris has written his own response to the parody on his website, stating that he does not feel offended by them, and finds some of them funny.[16] He made an appearance on The Best Damn Sports Show, Period, where he commented on 10 of them, with his favorite being: "They once tried to carve Chuck Norris' face into Mount Rushmore, but the granite wasn't hard enough for his beard." In the parody song "The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny" the following cast is assembled to ultimately defeat Chuck Norris in battle after he defeats Indiana Jones and kills Batman: "Gandalf the Grey, Gandalf the White, Monty Python and the Holy Grail's Black Knight, Benito Mussolini, The Blue Meanie, Cowboy Curtis, Jambi the Genie, Robocop, the Terminator, Captain Kirk, Darth Vader, Lo Pan, Superman, every single Power Ranger, Bill S. Preston and Theodore Logan, Spock, The Rock, Doc Ock, and Hulk Hogan".[
Norris rode out in a convertible on The Price is Right $1,000,000 Spectacular in 2003 to wish Bob Barker a happy 80th birthday. He also helped a contestant win the convertible playing the Lucky $even game. Norris had instructed Bob Barker in karate for years.
During the March 10, 2006 show of ESPN's Pardon the Interruption, numerous references were made to Norris on his birthday, including all of the cut-out heads on the set, which are usually of current sports stars, being replaced with Chuck Norris heads. Also, several humorous comments in reference to Chuck Norris were made by co-host, Tony Kornheiser, in a similar tone to that featured on the Chuck Norris Facts website.
Norris served as a guest referee at the World Wrestling Federation's Survivor Series 1994 for the casket match between The Undertaker and Yokozuna. A similar match took place at the Royal Rumble 1994 where ten other wrestlers beat down The Undertaker. Norris was called upon to ensure a similar situation didn't take place. As guest referee, he kicked Jeff Jarrett in the stomach.
Norris starred in his own Atari 2600 videogame, Chuck Norris Superkicks.[19] Norris also appears in Maddox (real name George Ouzounian)'s book: Alphabet of Manliness under the letter N; where he is described as "the greatest American ever to live". In the video game magazine Nintendo Power, Volume 203's Pulse section featured many references to Chuck Norris. He has since become a regular reference, along with Mr. T.
Norris has a regular column on WorldNetDaily, sharing his 'musings about faith, family, freedom, country, loyalty – maybe even kickboxing.'
Filmography
Actor
The Green Berets (1968), with Chuck Norris as Martial arts performer.
The Wrecking Crew (1969)
Way of the Dragon (1972)
The Student Teachers (1973)
Slaughter in San Francisco (1974)
The Warrior Within (1976) (documentary)
Bruce Lee, the Legend (1977) (documentary)
Breaker! Breaker! (1977)
Good Guys Wear Black (1978)
A Force of One (1979)
The Octagon (1980)
An Eye for an Eye (1981)
Silent Rage (1982)
Forced Vengeance (1982)
Lone Wolf McQuade (1983)
Missing in Action (1984)
Missing in Action 2: The Beginning (1985)
Code of Silence (1985)
Invasion U.S.A. (1985)
The Delta Force (1986)
The Karate Kommandos (1986), animated children's show, with Chuck Norris himself appearing to reveal the episode and the moral contained in the episode.
Braddock: Missing in Action III (1988)
Hero and the Terror (1988)
Delta Force 2: The Colombian Connection (1990)
The Hitman (1991)
Sidekicks (1992)
Hellbound (1994)
Top Dog (1995)
Forest Warrior (1996)
The President's Man (2000)
The President's Man 2: A Line in the Sand (2002)
Bells of Innocence (2003)
Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story (2004)
The Contender (2005)
The Cutter (2005)
Names:
Felipe n° 08
Ismael n° 14
Lucas n° 28
Stefany n° 37
Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil - Tarsila do Amaral
Obra escolhida para a realização do trabalho do abajurEFCB (Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil) é do mesmo ano da viagem da artista ao Rio e a Minas com o poeta suíço-francês Blaise Cendrars e outros modernistas. Evoca fortemente Léger com sua composição estruturada a partir de signos urbanos modernos: postes, pontes, sinalizações ferroviárias. A geometrização de elementos é bem evidente, assim como a simplificação das formas, o que seria uma constante em suas composições, elevando muito a linha do horizonte e dispondo ordenadamente os diversos elementos de alto à baixo. Todavia, a esta aparente racionalização do tema se contrapõe a cor "caipira" e lisa da fase pau-brasil, identificada com o nativismo modernista, sempre luminosa e sem sombras. O MAC possui também em sua coleção, além de alguns desenhos, A Negra, de 1923, antecipadora da fase "antropofágica" (1928), assim como a mágica Floresta (1929), e ainda Costureiras, óleo iniciado em meados dos anos 30 em plena fase de preocupação social da artista, retomado e finalizado em 1950.
Tarsila do Amaral
Tarsila do Amaral (Capivari SP 1886 - São Paulo SP 1973). Pintora e desenhista. Faz escultura com William Zadig (1884-1952) e Mantovani em 1916 na capital paulista. No ano seguinte estuda pintura e desenho com Pedro Alexandrino (1856-1942). Tem aulas com o pintor Georg Elpons (1865-1939). Viaja em 1920 para Paris, estuda na Académie Julien e com Emile Renard (1850-1930). Em 1922, em São Paulo, forma o Grupo dos Cinco, com Anita Malfatti (1889-1964), Mário de Andrade (1893-1945), Menotti del Picchia (1892-1988) e Oswald de Andrade (1890-1954). Em 1923, em Paris, estuda com André Lhote (1885-1962), Fernand Léger (1881-1955) e Albert Gleizes (1881-1953). No ano seguinte acompanha o poeta Blaise Cendrars (1887-1961), com Oswald de Andrade, Olívia Penteado, Mário de Andrade e outros, em viagem às cidades históricas de Minas Gerais. Realiza uma série de trabalhos baseados em esboços feitos durante a viagem. Nesse período, inicia a chamada fase pau-brasil. Em 1925 ilustra o livro de poemas Pau-Brasil, de Oswald de Andrade, publicado em Paris. Em 1928, pinta Abaporu, tela que inspira o movimento antropofágico, desencadeado por Oswald de Andrade e Raul Bopp (1898-1984). Em 1933, após viagem à União Soviética, inicia uma fase voltada para temas sociais com as obras Operários e 2ª Classe. Em 1936 colabora no Diário de S. Paulo. Entre 1940 e 1944 cria ilustrações para a série Os Mestres do Pensamento, dirigida por José Perez. Realiza, em 1945, uma série de gravuras para o livro Poesias Reunidas de O. Andrade, a pedido do autor. A convite da Comissão do 4º Centenário de São Paulo, faz em 1954 o painel Procissão do Santíssimo.
O Modernismo no Brasil
A Semana de Arte Moderna (1922) é considerada o marco inicial do Modernismo brasileiro. A Semana ocorreu entre 13 e 18 de fevereiro de 1922, no Teatro Municipal de São Paulo, com participação de artistas de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro. O evento contou com apresentação de conferências, leitura de poemas, dança e música. O Grupo dos Cinco, integrado pelas pintoras Tarsila do Amaral e Anita Malfatti e pelos escritores Mário de Andrade, Oswald de Andrade e Menotti Del Picchia, liderou o movimento que contou com a participação de dezenas de intelectuais e artistas, como Manuel Bandeira, Di Cavalcanti, Graça Aranha, Guilherme de Almeida, entre muitos outros.Os modernistas ridicularizavam o parnasianismo, movimento artístico em voga na época que cultivava uma poesia formal. Propunham uma renovação radical na linguagem e nos formatos, marcando a ruptura definitiva com a arte tradicional. Cansados da mesmice na arte brasileira e empolgados com inovações que conheceram em suas viagens à Europa, os artistas romperam as regras preestabelecidas na cultura. Na Semana de Arte Moderna foram apresentados quadros, obras literárias e recitais inspirados em técnicas da vanguarda européia, como o dadaísmo, o futurismo, o expressionismo e o surrealismo, misturados a temas brasileiros. Os participantes da Semana de 1922 causaram enorme polêmica na época. Sua influência sobre as artes atravessou todo o século XX e pode ser entendida até hoje.
A primeira fase do Modernismo: O movimento modernista no Brasil contou com duas fases: a primeira foi de 1922 a 1930 e a segunda de 1930 a 1945. a primeira fase caracterizou-se pelas tentativas de solidificação do movimento renovador e pela divulgação de obras e idéias modernistas. Os escritores de maior destaque dessa fase defendiam estas propostas: reconstrução da cultura brasileira sobre bases nacionais; promoção de uma revisão crítica de nosso passado histórico e de nossas tradições culturais; eliminação definitiva do nosso complexo de colonizados, apegados a valores estrangeiros. Portanto, todas elas estão relacionadas com a visão nacionalista, porém crítica, da realidade brasileira. Várias obras, grupos, movimentos, revistas e manifestos ganharam o cenário intelectual brasileiro, numa investigação profunda e por vezes radical de novos conteúdos e de novas formas de expressão. Entre os fatos mais importantes, destacam-se a publicação da revista Klaxon, lançada para dar continuidade ao processo de divulgação das idéias modernistas, e o lançamento de quatro movimentos culturais: o Pau-Brasil, o Verde-Amarelismo, a Antropofagia e a Anta. Esses movimentos representavam duas tendências ideológicas distintas, duas formas diferentes de expressar o nacionalismo. O movimento Pau-Brasil defendia a criação de uma poesia primitivista, construída com base na revisão crítica de nosso passado histórico e cultural e na aceitação e valorização das riquezas e contrastes da realidade e da cultura brasileiras. A Antropofagia, a exemplo dos rituais antropofágicos dos índios brasileiros, nos quais eles devoram seus inimigos para lhes extrair força, Oswald propõe a devoração simbólica da cultura do colonizador europeu, sem com isso perder nossa identidade cultural. Em oposição a essas tendências, os movimentos Verde-Amarelismo e Anta, defendiam um nacionalismo ufanista, com evidente inclinação para o nazifascismo. Dentre os muitos escritores que fizeram parte da primeira geração do Modernismo destacamos Oswald de Andrade, Mário de Andrade, Manuel Bandeira, Alcântara Machado, Menotti del Picchia, Raul Bopp, Ronald de Carvalho e Guilherme de Almeida.
Bibliografia:
Componentes do Grupo:
Felipe dos Santos n° 08
Ismael Fernandes n° 14
Lucas Santos n° 28
Stefany Balbás n° 37
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